Most of us possess a remarkably keen sense of smell, with some experts estimating that we can detect about a trillion different odors! It makes sense, then, to pay attention when we detect an odor that seems “off.” This workhorse sense can let us know when it’s time to take out the trash or do a load of laundry. It can also alert us to a potential problem that can be a safety issue, so knowing when to pay extra attention to odors can help protect your family's health and safety.

The Rotten Egg Smell

If you notice a strong sulfur or rotten egg odor, don't ignore it – particularly if your home has a natural gas source or you smell it in your neighborhood. Natural gas itself is odorless, but utility companies add a chemical called mercaptan to give it this unmistakable smell so leaks are easier to detect. A natural gas leak can create a fire or explosion hazard; if you suspect a leak, leave the building immediately, avoid using electrical switches or open flames, and contact your gas company from a safe location.

Burning or Electrical Odors

A smell like burning plastic, rubber, or hot wiring may indicate an electrical problem. Turn off power to the affected area if it's safe to do so and have the wiring or appliance inspected promptly. Electrical fires can begin long before visible smoke appears.

Musty, Moldy, or Sewage Smells

Persistent musty odors often point to mold growth caused by excess moisture, while sewage-like smells may indicate a drain or plumbing issue (and can also be confused with the “rotten egg” sulfur smell linked to natural gas as indicated above). Although these odors aren't usually an emergency, they shouldn't be ignored; exposure to sewer gases can cause symptoms such as dizziness and headaches, and mold can aggravate allergies and asthma.

Watch Out for Household Cleaner Combinations

If you’ve ever thought that you could create a “super-powered” cleaner by combining two of your favorites, don’t. One of the easiest ways to accidentally create dangerous fumes is by mixing household cleaning products. Never combine bleach with ammonia or acidic cleaners such as some toilet bowl products or vinegar. These combinations can release toxic gases that irritate the eyes and lungs and may cause serious breathing problems. Remember, too, that there are many cleaning products that can be harmful to household pets, even when not combined.

The Danger Your Nose Can't Detect

Unfortunately, one of the most dangerous household gases has no smell at all. Carbon monoxide (CO) is a colorless, odorless gas produced when fuel-burning appliances, fireplaces, generators, or vehicles don't burn fuel completely. Early symptoms such as headaches, dizziness, nausea, fatigue, and confusion can easily be mistaken for the flu. If multiple people in your home suddenly develop similar symptoms, especially during heating season, leave the house immediately and call 911 or your local emergency services. An important proactive defense against carbon monoxide poisoning is having working carbon monoxide detectors in your home, particularly near sleeping areas.

When in Doubt, Get Fresh Air

If you notice an unusual odor and aren't sure what caused it, open windows if it's safe, move everyone to fresh air if symptoms develop, and investigate cautiously. Trust your senses, but also remember that some serious hazards, like carbon monoxide, provide no warning smell at all. Knowing and educating other household members about what smells warrant concern, combined with keeping smoke alarms and carbon monoxide detectors in good working order, are two of the simplest and most effective ways to protect your household.